Relatioship with smart phones; Mass communication Essay

Relatioship with advanced cells; Mass correspondence - Essay Example Moreover, it can do a large portion of the things a PC can do, for example, perusing the web; one can get to long range interpersonal communication destinations like Facebook and Tweeter, download music and even sit in front of the TV (Kroski 2008, p.18). They are likewise used to decide to what social class an individual has a place †the better and the later one’s iPhone is, the higher this person’s social class is, in people’s judgment. In spite of their favorable circumstances, iPhones have contrarily added to physical social cooperation and made reliance and undesirable enslavement in clients, which seems to predict the decrease of some of humanities’ fundamental abilities, for example, hand printing. On account of iPhones, individuals can speak with others without being truly present, and this has prompted them consigning the significance of eye to eye discussion in relational correspondence. This regularly happens when somebody has awful news to convey and may pick to abstain from sharing it up close and personal, so he/she doesn't need to manage another person’s responses. Thusly, individuals with correspondence fears and the individuals who are anxious during discussions will discover comfort in the utilization of iPhones, may never conquer them, and might be effectively falling into web compulsion (Shepherd and Edelmann 2001, p. 520). Henceforth, correspondence is hindered in that except if one is utilizing video conferencing, which isn't normal, one can't get prompt nonverbal input, and this makes correspondence deficient. Tragically, this likewise makes lying simpler since the beneficiary of the data isn't aware of the signals that will permit him/her to recognize tr ickery. Thinking about the utilization of messages and messages in correspondence, our composing abilities will continue crumbling, particularly with innovation, for example, iPads being acquainted with small kids in school. Most of young people, particularly in created nations, once in a while utilize a pen since they can send a book or email, which one can type on their iPhones. Furthermore, there is

Monkey and Banana free essay sample

Monkey And Banana Google Search Results : 34,900,000 Monkey Want Banana Shopping Cart HeroMany have attempted. Many have fizzled. Do you have the stuff to be a saint? Accessible on the web, and now for your iPhone and iPod contact! | Yahoo Search Results : 37,900,000 Monkey and banana issue From Wikipedia, the free reference book Jump to: route, search The monkey and banana issue is a celebrated toy issue in man-made brainpower, especially in rationale programming and arranging. Contentsâ [hide]â * 1 Formulation of the issue * 2 Purpose of the issue * 3 References * 4 See also| [edit] Formulation of the issue A monkey is in a room. Suspended from the roof is a lot of bananas, past the monkeys reach. Nonetheless, in the room there are additionally a seat and a stick. The roof is the perfect stature so a monkey remaining on a seat could wreck the bananas with the stick. The monkey realizes how to move around, heft different things around, go after the bananas, and wave a stick noticeable all around. We will compose a custom paper test on Monkey and Banana or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page What is the best grouping of activities for the monkey to take to obtain lunch? In different variations, the bananas are in a chest and the monkey must open the chest with a key. [edit] Purpose of the issue There are numerous utilizations of this issue. One is as a toy issue for software engineering. Another conceivable motivation behind the issue is to bring up the issue: Are monkeys smart? The two people and monkeys can utilize mental maps to recall things like where to go to discover safe house, or how to dodge risk. They can likewise recall where to go to assemble food and water, just as how to speak with one another. Monkeys have the capacity not exclusively to recollect how to chase and accumulate yet to learn new things, similar to the case with the monkey and the bananas: in spite of the way that the monkey may never have been in an indistinguishable circumstance, with the equivalent rtifacts within reach, a monkey is equipped for reasoning that it needs to make a stepping stool, position it beneath the bananas, and move up to go after them. How much such capacities ought to be attributed to intuition or learning involves banter. In December 2007, a pigeon was seen as having the ability to tackle the issue. [1] References 1. ^ A Pigeon Solves the Classic Box-and-Banana Problem. YouTube. 2007-12-24. The roof is the perfect stature so a monkey remaining on a seat could wreck the bananas with the stick. The monkey realizes how to move around, heft different things around, go after the bananas, and wave a stick noticeable all around. What is the best arrangement of activities for the monkey to take to secure lunch? In different variations, the bananas are in a chest and the monkey must open the chest with a key. [edit] Purpose of the issue There are numerous utilizations of this issue. One is as a toy issue for software engineering. Another conceivable motivation behind the issue is to bring up the issue: Are monkeys canny? The two people and monkeys can utilize mental maps to recall things like where to go to discover safe house, or how to maintain a strategic distance from threat. They can likewise recollect where to go to assemble food and water, just as how to speak with one another. Monkeys have the capacity not exclusively to recollect how to chase and accumulate however to learn new things, similar to the case with the monkey and the bananas: notwithstanding the way that the monkey may never have been in an indistinguishable circumstance, with similar curios nearby, a monkey is fit for inferring that it needs to make a stepping stool, position it underneath the bananas, and move up to go after them.

mathew shepard :: essays research papers

I imagine that Mathew Shepard was a decent individual. That inept church fellow that said gays are abhorrent, Matt’s in heck, and stuff like that are the â€Å"evil individuals. It’s not shrewd to be gay. All that stuff strict individuals state about gays is nothing that truly is valid. The strict individuals take in everything that the holy book says about everything so hard. The holy book wasn’t even composed by god. The individuals that beat Matthew up were simply raised to loathe gays. It’s not option to slaughter a gay individual for hitting on you, and that’s not even what it seemed like. Sounds like there were simply being dumb. They seemed like they were simply doing it for quick money or something. Realizing that somebody would do something like this isn’t that extraordinary. It feels like this world is loaded with despise. Receptacle Ladin, the Matthew Shepard thing, and the rundown goes on. The genuine explanation I think stuff like this goes on is on the grounds that individuals aren’t raised right and the guardians uncover the awful stuff, and that’s why many individuals slaughter. That’s what I think caused Matthew Shepard’s demise. The guardians were not generally excellent if the children consumed medications and slaughtered and beat individuals up. The guides thing didn’t shock me. For my entire life I’ve been told from different spots that 1 out of 5 gay men have helps. First I caught wind of it in school in 6th graduate I think. At that point I hear it on the radio. At that point I hear it on the TV. Matthew Shepard appeared to be a decent individual. Doesn’t have unfortunate propensities to the extent I saw. The occurrence made me consider how individuals utilize the word gay or fag. I have utilized those words a great deal. I utilized them in the feeling of idiotic and ahole. At the point when I was frantic that’s what I would state. You can’t help saying it. You hear it constantly. I never utilized it to affront a gay individual. I heard at my old fashioned a large number of times. I don’t think I’ll utilize that word any more.

The role of humor in conveying a spiritual message Free Essays

Amusingness shows up as a significant part of writing, since it gives pressure adapting techniques and derides crime, passing on hypertextual otherworldly or moral messages and speaking to human cognizance just as to feeling. The paper is intended to talk about the job of cleverness in delineating certifiable otherworldliness and uprightness, specifically, in Boccaccio’s ‘The Decameron’. The Decameron presents an integrative viewpoint of social ethos, principally †through scrutinizing the current qualities and looking for choices. We will compose a custom paper test on The job of funniness in passing on an otherworldly message or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Ethical quality and otherworldliness are not really depicted as authoritative opinions, yet rather as the fundamental method of taking care of troublesome circumstances and freeing from troubling conditions. Boccaccio finds that the most helpful and dependable strategy for demonstrating the need of observational utilization of general human qualities is drawing nearer to social pathology from inverse. The storytellers, step by step, exhibit that duplicity and deceit either bring extra issues legitimately to an individual or just transform into foolish or strange story. For example, the fourth story, described on the main day, delineates the dissimilarity between the ‘holiness’ of priests and their authentic conduct, which is a long way from perfect (Boccaccio, 2004). The priest is found erring, in other words, his transgression merits the most extreme discipline, however the hero figures out how to dispose of any duty, putting the fault upon the abbot. From one perspective, the peruser is truly stunned by the character’s creativity, yet seeing the circumstance all the more comprehensively, it is conceivable to assume that the circumstance itself is amazingly ungainly, so it would be progressively sensible to maintain a strategic distance from it through after moral standards, built up for the specific social gathering. In mental terms, this strategy is known as conduct learning †for example the peruser, rather than learning the genuine examples of esteemed conduct, gets the information about devaluated activities, which merit cultural rebuke. Another conspicuous case of passing on otherworldly message through utilizing humor is the third circumstance, introduced on the third day. In this story the young lady, fascinated of a man, makes the conditions, wherein she can satisfy her inclination through abusing the standards of heavenly admission (Boccaccio, 2004). In this sense, the hero normally manhandles the strict fundamentalism, however this intense activities is by all accounts supported by the storyteller and the creator, since disregarding the comic and somewhat upsetting conditions, where she tosses her darling, her craftiness plan at long last permits her to uncover her actual sentiments, which shows that the principles and social securities are frail against the extremely solid inclination and that otherworldliness can some of the time disregard exacting and inflexible cultural standards. The tenth novel of the third day (in the same place) proceeds with the counter Catholic epopee, as it describes about the maltreatment of chastity. Its amusing tone, be that as it may, is focused on strict authoritative opinions can't cover up or hinder the genuine human instinct †in this sense, the story shows the brokenness of administrative foundation and along these lines offers social standards concerning marriage as an option in contrast to strict creeds, which show up as dramatic execution (‘putting the Devil into the hell’). All the more strangely, the second novel of the fourth day gives the intelligent continuation of the theme, as it exhibits the reasonable interrelation between the monk’s wrongdoing and the subsequent discipline. This story consistently supplements the way that certified ethical quality and otherworldliness are compensated through delineating the execution of discipline, merited by real and supreme ‘wickedness’. Once more, its diverting mentality towards the circumstance permits the peruser to assess the protagonist’s activity as far as recognizing ‘right’ and ‘wrong’. To summarize, Boccaccio’s stories are especially significant as far as passing on good and otherworldly messages, since they permits the peruser to make suitable inferences by him/herself through examining human encounters, without forcing fake or abstractive ethical quality. Works refered to Boccaccio, G. Decameron, 2004. The most effective method to refer to The job of cleverness in passing on a profound message, Essay models

Dysthymia in Children as a Depressive Disorder

Dysthymia in Children as a Depressive Disorder GAD Treatment Print Dysthymia in Children as a Depressive Disorder By Lauren DiMaria linkedin Lauren DiMaria is a member of the Society of Clinical Research Associates and childhood psychology expert. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren DiMaria Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 24, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids JPCreative / Getty Images Dysthymia, also known as dysthymic disorder or DD, is a milder but chronic depressive disorder that is sometimes seen in children. The Course of Dysthymia Like other depressive disorders, the course of dysthymia varies in children. While the DSM-IV criteria require a child to experience symptoms for at least one year to be diagnosed with dysthymia, the median dysthymic episode for children is 3.9 years. Approximately 3 percent of children meet the criteria for dysthymia. However, some researchers argue that an even higher percentage of children have DD. The chronic nature of dysthymia makes it easy for parents to mistakenly attribute the symptoms to a childs personality. Children with DD may not complain of feeling depressed or sad because they do not recognize their mood as being different from what they normally feel. Symptoms Symptoms of DD are similar to those of major depressive disorder, but are less severe and are less likely to impair daily functioning. Symptoms of Dysthymic Disorder in Children Depressed moodSadnessFeelings of hopelessness and/or worthlessnessWithdrawal from friends and familyLow self-esteemEating or sleeping pattern changesUnexplained physical ailmentsLack of concentrationThoughts or action of self-harm or suicideInability to experience pleasure or joyIrritabilityRestlessness or fatigue Despite the milder symptoms of dysthymia, it is still thought that its chronic nature may interfere with a childs development of interpersonal relationships, positive self-esteem, and problem-solving skills. Signs Your Child Is Depressed Recovery and Double Depression Recovery for children with dysthymia is likely. However, the majority of children will have another dysthymic episode in the future. Approximately 75 percent of children who experience a dysthymic episode will also experience a major depressive episode, a shorter but more severe depressive disorder. When a child who has dysthymia experiences a major depressive episode, the combination is called double depression. Factors that may increase a childs likelihood of developing double depression were identified by Dr. Daniel Klein and colleagues in a 10-year follow-up of children with dysthymia. Identified risk factors were: First dysthymic episode at a young ageCo-existing anxiety disorderStrong family history of major depressive disorderPoor early relationship with motherHistory of sexual abuseUnderlying personality disorder It has been noted that children with double depression may have shorter episodes of major depressive disorder. According to Dr. Kovacs and colleagues, this is because it is easier for a child to return to a baseline mood of dysthymia, or mild depressive symptoms, than a baseline with no presence of depressive symptoms. Nonetheless, all depressive disorders require treatment in children. What Parents Should Know About Childhood Depression Seeking Help Like other depressive disorders, dysthymic disorder is associated with serious short- and long-term consequences, such as poor academic and social performance, substance abuse, and increased risk of suicide. Of course, not all children with dysthymia will experience negative outcomes, but given the association, treatment is recommended. Treatment options for children with dysthymia are typically psychotherapy, medication, or a combination approach. Be sure to talk to your childs pediatrician or other mental health providers if she has symptoms of dysthymia or another depressive disorder. Depressive disorders should never be left untreated in children. The Consequences of Untreated Childhood Depression

Racial Discrimination Within the Welfare System - Free Essay Example

When Franklin D. Roosevelt was nominated president in 1933, he acted fast to provide relief to those who were in need. On June 8, 1934, Roosevelt sent a message to congress that guaranteed a plan for social insurance as a safety net â€Å"against the hazards and vicissitudes of life.† Then, only fourteen months later, on August 14, 1935, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social security Bill in into law (Martin and Weaver). The Social Security Bill enabled several states to make more adequate arrangements for people over sixty-five, blind people, crippled adults and children, public health, and unemployment compensation. The act also included programs that promoted the health and welfare of children. Under this, Welfare was created. Welfare is a government program that gives financial aid to people who can’t support themselves. Welfare is paid by tax payers’ money, and because of this, many people find the welfare system susceptible to be being taken advantage of. Although many people think this, many facts prove that to be untrue or hypocritical. The welfare system has been discriminatory since it has been created, which in return has led to discrimination for minorities in everyday life. During the 1930’s and 40’s racial discrimination made it almost unimaginable for blacks to get involved in programs such as Aid to Dependent Children (ADC), which would allow low income families to get financial aid to support their children. In fact, at this time the majority of single mothers using ADC were Caucasian. Due to the extreme hatred of minorities at this time in history, it was unimaginably hard for especially blacks to earn and income. So, they were taking any job they could get. Because of this, many were paid in cash, which made them unqualified for social programs such as ADC. These issues continued, and even got worse through the 50’s and 60’s (Carten). The 50’s and 60’s was known as the time of prosperity. The economy grew by about 37% during this time. By the end of the decade, the average American family had about 30% more purchasing power than ever before (Shmoop). While life improved for whites, it was quite the opposite for blacks. Black women were particularly discriminated against in the welfare system at this time. There were different requirements and rules such as the â€Å"man in the house rule,† where workers would check to see if a man was in the house at any time of the night, and if he was, welfare benefits would be taken away. This was quite unconstitutional but allowed and accepted in the southern states. There were also requirements that the welfare recipient had to have an exceptionally clean house. If this was not followed through, welfare workers could take welfare away from the recipients (Ackerman). Because of these strict laws in the south, many single-parent black families tried to move to the north hoping for a better life, with better welfare, but that was proved to be difficult. Housing was hard to come by because of residency requirements. Many â€Å"desirable neighborhoods† were too expensive or didn’t accept blacks at all. This resulted in pushing blacks into the slums of the north (Library of Congress). As previously stated, if the welfare recipients’ housing was not a good environment, they would not be able to continue to receive welfare benefits, and because the blacks were being pushed into the slums, some could not receive welfare checks, leaving them extremely poor and having no where to turn. Eventually, presidents retreated from the safety net philosophy that was enforced in earlier decades. Specifically, Ronald Reagan enforced New Federalism. New Federalism is the transfer of certain powers from the federal government to the states government. As shown above, when the welfare system was in the states hands, it did not go well. Regan had a philosophy that poor people were poor because of their own misfortune, they didn’t need assistance, and that they could only help themselves if they wanted to get better. Because he believed this, he made plenty of budget cuts under New Federalism. The 1982 cuts exceeded 20% in many of the programs introduced since the 1960’s that were designed to help the unprivileged. These programs included AFDC, Food Stamps, Medicaid, education aid, Low-income Energy Assistance, and training and employment programs. It’s estimated that the typical mother on welfare who worked had a 20 to 30 percent decline in their monthly income (Danziger and Haveman). â€Å"Blacks will suffer disproportionately from the Reagan programs because a higher proportion of blacks are poorer than whites, a greater proportion will be affected by the reductions,† (Danziger and Haveman). Then, Reagan went onto expose a woman who allegedly took advantage of the welfare system. Reagan said, â€Å"There’s a woman in Chicago. She has 80 names, 30 addressees, 12 Social Security cards and is collecting veterans’ benefits on four nonexistent deceased husbands. She’s got Medicaid, is getting food stamps and welfare under each of her names. Her tax-free cash income alone is over $150,000.† Although some people believed that Reagan was using this as campaign strategy, since it wasn’t actually proven, this still reinforced black stereotypes among white people. Which then lead to discrimination, and problems within the system throughout the 90s. During the 90s, welfare was no longer about the people. It turned into politics. In 1996, the Republican-controlled Congress passed the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Block Grant of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. This was known as the â€Å"welfare reform.† â€Å"Welfare reform in 1996 had little to do with poverty; it had a lot to do with racialized politics of poverty. Conservatives declared that anything was better than the old welfare system for poor women and that their plans for tough work requirements and time-limited benefits was a policy of hope. What they were really interested in was politically exploiting the issue and painting the Democrats as defenders of ‘amoral’ black women in ghettos. Liberals rationalized welfare reform as necessary, but they also understood it to be a way of banishing race, and racialized poverty, from the political lexicon† (Brown 47). In fact, Jared Bernstein of The Washington Post claims, â€Å"It was and is about convincing a group of voters that, while you’re working hard to make ends meet, somebody’s making a bundle ripping off the system. And that somebody is an â€Å"other,† a minority or an immigrant.† So, since the welfare debate was now politically fueled, poor families, which was now mainly made up of minorities, were harshly treated and punished. With the new welfare reform bill in place, there were new requirements in the system. Single mothers were required to get a job two years after they started getting benefits. Then, they could only receive the benefits for up to five years for the rest of their lives. Also, teenage mothers were no longer allowed to receive benefits. To add to that, â€Å"States were banned from using federally funded TANF for certain groups of immigrants and restrictions were placed on their eligibility to Medicaid, food stamps and Supplementary Social Security Income† (Carten). Because of these requirements, many people were left without the help they needed. This has caused issues within the system today. Evidently, welfare has been a struggle for minorities since 1935. Despite the longevity, there are still issues within the system today. There is an over-representation of children of minorities within the welfare system. â€Å"In 2017, the State of California had 11,301 Black children in dependency care which was 23.8% of the total number of children in care (California Child Welfare Indicators Project, (2018). This becomes the true definition of disproportionality, when Black children only make up about 592,333 (7%) of the entire state of California’s population but make up 23.8% of the total number of children in care† (Long 1). Many believe that minority families face more disadvantages in the welfare system compared Caucasians. Disadvantages such as systematic circumstances that minorities can’t necessarily change, and this causes the disproportionate representation in the welfare system. This disproportionality is also due to the lack of cultural comp etency within the welfare system (Font qt. In Long 2). For example, although a major portion of welfare recipients are of minority groups, the adults who provided social services to these children are predominantly white. The welfare system claims that for over a decade, they have been trying to raise â€Å"awareness and sensitivity.† â€Å"Additional efforts have sought to increase knowledge and understanding about the unique aspects of the history and culture of specific groups, primarily African Americans and Latino Americans. These efforts however, have not addressed culturally effective practice in a comprehensive and sustained manner, and have been inadequate† (Jackson and Brissett-Chapman 252). Furthermore, a substantial amount of minority families who live in undesirable communities are prone to constant surveillance by police or other reporters that make child welfare reports more often. This also causes social worker bias, and harsh treatment from welfare workers (Long 2). Although the issues today are slightly different than those in the twentieth century, they still need to be solved. Ideally, cultural competence needs to be instilled into every welfare worker.

Legal and institutional obstacles - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2160 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Review Did you like this example? Research Proposal EFG Ajayi Abstract It is settled that of all the modes of transportation, viz., air, land and sea, carriage of goods by sea is the most economical way to take sizeable quantities of cargo over long distances. The development of special vessels of immense sizes and propulsion to carry various cargoes has continued to make transportation by sea more attractive. The economic principle of comparative advantage and globalization has given impetus to international trade and commerce and carriage of goods by sea is the means towards the actualization of international trade which of course, is indispensable to mankind; despite the advantages attributable to sea carriage, there are international concerns regarding the multiplicity of legal and institutional hurdles faced by cargo interests with respect cargo loss or damage; the myriad of rules that are impediments to equitable cargo claims is the issue which this study shall critically examine as well as proffer recommendations to frontally reverse the extant inequality between cargo interests, carriers and other stake holders in the global contract of ocean carriage. 1. Title: Legal and institutional obstacles to marine cargo claims against shippers, consignees and parties claiming under their title. 2. Background and outline of the research problem: The fact that the exchange of goods and services is an important aspect of human life is beyond controversy; that activity dates back to history as attested by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“trade by barterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  during the stone ages; in modern times, countries of the world are not equally endowed with human and natural resources, more importantly, the economic principle espoused by comparative advantage on one hand, the free market economy and globalization on the other, has made international trade and inter-governmental commercial transactions, an indispensable aspect of human life. The maritime industry could apt ly be described as the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“gate-way to the global economyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  due to volume of goods carried by sea which accounts for the bulk of trade and commerce between nations of the world. To lend credence to the above assertion, it is necessary to emphasize the fact that Trade and Commerce have become internationalized which of course makes carriage of goods by sea, indispensable. The sea transport industry plays a major role in world economy; the industry is an engine for growth and a generator of quality human life, a fundamental element to maintain the vitality of sea transportation in order to reap the immense benefits thereof, is to ensure equitable and a balanced terms of contract to the parties and stake holders involved in the global transaction. The extant inequality amongst the parties in ocean transportation transaction is the principal issue which this research sets out to critically examine. 3. Literature review and reasons for choosing the topic As highlighted above to the effect that comparative advantage and globalization has internationalized trade and commerce, carriage of goods by sea is the veritable vehicle or conduit pipe towards the actualization of international trade, however, there are concerns across the globe regarding the almost insurmountable legal and institutional hurdles faced by cargo interests when cargo loss or damage arises; the multiplicity of the rules militating against successful cargo claims either by litigation or through Alternative Dispute Resolution methods are diverse, nay, various jurisdictions apply various rules embodied in the contract of ocean carriage. More importantly, though it is an unassailable fact that international trade is facilitated through shipping but there is no uniform rule regulating the global contract of sea carriage, in effect, rather than have one rule applicable internationally, three carriage regimes namely the Hague, Hague-Visby and Hamburg are in operation de pending on whichever of the rule a cargo carrier chooses; cargo interests thus have no choice than abide with the carriersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ choice, be that as it may, the practical application of the three rules concurrently had fettered and continue to do incalculable damages to free trade, it engenders uncertainty and prompts avoidable litigations worldwide. It is on this note that this research intends to embark on a beneath-the-surface analysis of marine cargo claims so as to bring to the fore the anomalous state of affairs, ipso facto, fill the knowledge interstitial and proceed to make recommendations which hopefully, would redress the shortcomings of the current global maritime law and practice. It is necessary to earmark at this juncture that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Rotterdam ruleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which is the latest international effort targeted at uniformity and in consonance with modernity and which to a large extent, addresses some of the apparent shortcomings of the outda ted but extant international carriage regimes, that is the Hague, Hague-Visby and Hamburg rules is underway, but not yet in force. 4. Research questions In order to gain insight into the lopsided state of international carriage laws, the following questions shall be investigated in the course of this research: What is marine cargo claims, what warrants them, what is their nature, source, scope and complexities; why is the onerous burden of proof placed on cargo owners when most often, cargo is not in their custody but in the custody of carrier or port authorities; what is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“documentationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“long roomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“port congestionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“port surchargeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in maritime transactions, does the foregoing concepts delay cargo shipping and delivery and do they add to the cost of shipping which are ultimately on-passed to hapless consumers and end users of shipped goods, what is à ¢Ã ¢â€š ¬Ã…“nautical fault defenseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is it in the interest of cargo or the carrier, what is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“physicalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“fortuitousà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“externalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  loss or damage in marine policies, does the application of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“utmost good faithà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  principle in marine insurance contracts engender a balanced relationship between the insurer and insured; it is settled law, that where there is a loss there is a claim, but does the practical application of restitio in integrum concept in marine insurance really effective and in the best interest of cargo owners? What are obstacles to marine cargo claims, does obstacles to marine cargo claims inhibits trade between persons, organizations and nation-states and if the answer is in the affirmative, what efforts are being made internationally to achieve a uniform rule with respect to mitigating the negative effect of obstacles to marine cargo claims o n international trade and commerce, what is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“carriersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ limitation of liabilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“package limitationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  in whose interest were they inserted into contract of sea carriage and what is their effect on cargo interest, why is it that the carriers and insurers are not held liable for leakage and breakage or for any loss caused by rats or vermin and what is forum non convenience? What is the length of time allowed to initiate cargo claims; is there uniformity in the time frame allowed internationally, is the said time length equitable or justified in all circumstances warranting their continued imposition, and have they improved or worsen the economic and socio well-being of cargo interests; what is the meaning of pre-action notice, what is their purpose or utility in maritime transactions, do they frustrate genuine cargo claims and do they deny litigants of their constitutional right of access to courts, why i s the economic loss occasioned by delay of ocean going vessels foreclosed to claims, is this the law or custom and practice and for whose benefit is this clause inserted into ocean carriage contracts? Are there other dispute resolution mechanisms aside from litigation to resolve marine cargo claims; if so, are the said mechanisms equitable and justifiable in all circumstances, are there situations where judgment debtors default in complying with court judgments and outcomes of arbitral awards especially when the offending party is out of jurisdiction, what is the meaning of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“exclusive jurisdiction clauseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“choice of location for Arbitration sole determination by the carrier,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  does the right of access to court of choice by cargo interest or Arbitration hampered by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“exclusive jurisdiction clauseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unilateral choice of location for Arbitration by the carrierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , does enforcement of arbitration clauses in support of bill of lading go against third parties claiming under the title of shippers and consignees especially where there are sub-bailment to which the concerned shipper or consignee is not a party ab initio, and does the time tested doctrine of law: verba fortius acci piuntur contra proferentem apply to maritime cases? 5. Research design The research is non-empirical; it shall be based on conceptual analysis and the review of relevant literature; and maritime trade by its nature being a cross jurisdictional transaction, the study shall majorly be premised on comparative and critical analysis of established legal principles, rules and doctrines. 6. Research methodology Qualitative research approach shall be used the research being a non-empirical one; for the requisite data and information, Conventions, Treaties, Case Law Reports, Journals, Internet, Articles, Historical records, and Textbooks on Maritime Law and global trad e shall be used. The contents of the above materials shall be subjected to critical analysis. 7. Structure of Thesis Chapters Chapter 1 : Introduction Chapter 2 : Obstacles arising from carriersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ acts Chapter 3 : Obstacles attributable to port authorities, warehouses, cargo custodians etc Chapter 4 : Obstacles posed by insurance companies for shippersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and consigneesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Chapter 5 : Obstacles for third parties claiming under shippers and consignees titles Chapter 6 : International trade and Maritime Law Chapter 7 : Steps towards unification of International Maritime Law Chapter 8 : Conclusion Delineations and limitations This research shall only consider cargo claims carried via the sea in containers and covered by the carrierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Bill of Lading, in other words, the contribution will not consider cargoes carried in bulk or in any other form(s) even if such cargoes are covered by Bill o f Lading. 8. References 8.1: Legislation Admiralty Jurisdiction Procedure Act, 1991 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria Admiralty Jurisdiction Procedure Rules, 1993 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria Athens Convention on the carriage of passengers and their luggage by sea 1974 and 1976 Protocol Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 Instituteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Cargo Clause (All Risks) International Convention for Safe Containers, 1972, as amended International Convention on Limitation of Liability 1957 Marine Insurance Act, 1906 Laws of United Kingdom Merchant Shipping (Liability of Ship-ownersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and others) Act 1958, Laws of UK New York Convention Protocol of 1996 to amend the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 The Carriage of Goods by Sea Act Cap 44 of the 1990 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria The Nigeria Ports Act, 1999 The Hague Rules (1924) The Hague-Visby Rul es (1968) The Hamburg Rules (1978) The Rotterdam Rules (2009) 8.2: Case Law Air-cool Metal Industries (Nig.) Ltd V. Nigerian Ports Authority (1974) NSC Vol. 1. Alluvials Mining Machinery V SStowe (1922) 10 L Rep. 265 Asia Trading Co. Ltd V Nigeria Ports Authority (1983) NSC Vol. II Bandrett V Hentigg (1816) Holt N. P. 149 British South Africa V. Compagnia De Mozambique (1893) A. C. 602- p. 17 Broadline Enterprises Ltd. V. Monterey Maritime Corp. (1995) 9 NWLR 1 Castellain V. Preston (1883) 11 Q B D 380 Commercial Union V. Lister (1874) 9 Cg. App 483 Container Trans Intl V. Oceanus Mutual Underwriting (CTI) (1984) I Lloyds Rep. 476 Demetraides Co. V. Northern Assurance Co. (1926) 21 LL.L Rep. 265 Firemanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Fund Insurance V Tropical Shipping (2001) CA Gulfstream Cargo Ltd. V. Reliance Insurance Co., The Papoose (1997) I Lloyds Rep.178 Mareva Compania Naveria S. A, International Bulk Carriers Ltd (1975) 2 Lloydà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Rep. 509 Midland Railway Company V Local Board District of Withington (1882) Q.B.D.788 at 794 Nigeria Cement Ltd V. Nigeria Railway Corporation Anor (1992) 1 NWLR Pt. 220) 747 Nigeria Ports Authority V Construzioni (1974) 12 SC 81 Pan Atlantic Insurance Co. Ltd. V. Pine Top Insurance Co. Ltd (1994) 3 All ER Provincial Ins. Co. V Morgan (1933) AC 240, contra proferentem per Lord Russel at p. 250 Sonnar (Nig) Ltd. Anor. V. Patemereederi M.S. Norwind Ors (1987) 9 11 S.C. 121 Spliethoffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Bevrachtingskantoor B. V. V A.G of the Federation and Ors (1988) FHC Thames and Mersey Marine Ins. V. Gunford Ship Ltd (1911) A. C. 529 The Bold Buccleugh (1851) 13 ER 884 P. 890 The Fehman (1958) 1 W. L. R. 159 The River Rima (1988) 2 Lloydà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Rep 193 The Tolten (1964) 2 All E. R. 370 West minister Bank Ltd. V. Edwards(1942) A. C. 529 Yorkshire Insurance Co. Ltd V Nisbet Shipping Co. Ltd. (1961) 2 All ER 408 8.3 : Literature Books Brown, Robert H.: Marine Insurance Volume 2. Cargo Practice 5th Ed. ISBN 13: 978-1-85609-132-9 January 1996 Bernstein (1977): Handbook of Arbitration Dispute Resolution Practice, 4th Edition, Sweet Maxwell, 2003 Christopher Hill: Maritime Law, 4th Ed. Lloydà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s of London Press, 1995 E. R. Hardy Ivamy: General Principles of Insurance Law, 5th Ed. London: Butterworth Co 1986 Halsburyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Law of England 4th 5th Edition, edited by Rt. Hon Lord Mackay, LexisNexis Butterworth, UK, 1991 Hare, J: Shipping Law and Admiralty Jurisdiction in South Africa. 2nd Edition 2009 ISBN 9780702179464 B. Harnett, The Doctrine of Concealment: A Remnant in the Law of Insurance, 15 Law Contemporary Problems. 391-414 (1950) Prof C. M. Schmitthoff: The Export Trade 7th Edition, The Law and Practice of International Trade, London, 1980 Prof. Oyerokun: Insurance Law in Nigeria, IQRA Books, Nigeria 2001 Roberty Matthews Paul Ol iver: Marine and Aviation Insurance London, 1988 Shipping Law: Robert Grime Sweet Maxwell (1995) William Tetley, Maritime Liens Claims, 2nd Edition 1998 William Tetley: International Maritime Admiralty Law January 2003 Editions Yvon Blais ISBN 9782894516126 Journals Admiralty and Maritime Law Guide: Circuit Court Admiralty Cases All English Report Australian and New Zealand Maritime Law Journal International Journal of Insurance Law Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce Lloyds Law Report Internet www.imo.org 1 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Legal and institutional obstacles" essay for you Create order

Essay on Jay Gatsby’s Dangerous Illusions in The Great Gatsby

Jay’s Dangerous Illusions in The Great Gatsby America is a land of opportunity and hopes and dreams can become reality. The American Dream consists of the notion that the struggling poor can achieve financial success through hard work. F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby, puts this premise to the test while also warning against the dangers of believing too passionately in any dream. The central character, Jay Gatsby, proves a tragic hero who succeeds financially but fails emotionally when he attempts to hold onto something from the past(Mizener 126). Gatsby not only possesses imaginative dreams, but also idealistic illusions. These illusions eventually result in the unfortunate downfall of Jay Gatsby.†¦show more content†¦Not a second passes that Gatsby does not obsess about what could have been had things worked out differently five years before. Jay Gatsbys current state is one of emptiness and despair because he fails to live in the present by dwelling too much in the past. Gatsby and Daisy are alike in the fact that both carry well-forgotten dreams from age to age (Fitzgerald 143), but Daisy has moved on with her marriage to Tom, while Gatsby is left stretching out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way (Fitzgerald 25). Gatsby finally musters the courage to become reunited with Daisy Buchanan, with the help of his next-door neighbor, Nick Carraway. Nick holds tea at his house and invites the unsuspecting Daisy. For a few minutes at least, the two connect with passionate intensity, but Nick makes the observation that: There must have been moments even that afternoon when Daisy tumbled short of his dreams--not through her own fault but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyond everything. He had thrown himself into it with a creative passion, adding to it all the time, decking it out with every bright feather that drifted his way. 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The Decision Making Process as It Relates to Planning

Decision making is the cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among alternatives. Usually the decision making process is implemented resulting from an identified problem that needs to be addressed and remedied. Each decision making process produces a final choice, which is called a decision. Planning is an integral part of the process. Without an organized plan, a final decision will be very difficult to achieve. Planning and decision making are very similar, yet very distinct processes by which organizational goals are met. If the two processes are implemented properly, they can complement each other so that goals can be realized in the most efficient and effective manner possible. Planning involves†¦show more content†¦Identifying the decision criteria and allocating weights to the criteria are components of the specific plans within the planning process. 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The Justification Of Punishment Today s Society - 999 Words

The justification of punishment in today’s society as stated by Bartollas Seigel indicates that since â€Å"it is applied by the duly authorized government body on somebody who has violated the laws of society† (2013) the issuance is therefore just. The concept of punishing law violators in return will benefit the law abiding populace is derived from Bartollas Siegel’s statement that â€Å"Punishing law violators provides beneficial consequences† (2013). Likewise, the assertion that the application and threat of punishment serve as a cost effective â€Å"means to an end† by deterring criminal behavior and thus protecting society can be gathered from this concept. Additionally, the concept that the punishment, for criminal activity is deserved, or that â€Å"criminal sanctions are justified because those who voluntarily break the law forfeit some of the rights claimed by citizens† (Bartollas, 2013), leads to the further justification of the implementation of punishment. Implying that the convicts are blameworthy or receive their just deserts for their actions adds to the justification in the purpose of punishment. Identified as an expression if public outrage, Punishment by the state serves as a means of retribution on behalf of the government whereby the need for personal vengeance is eliminated as the state assumes the responsibility for evoking retribution on behalf of society (Bartollas, 2013). Likewise, Bartollas suggests that punishment teaches a lesson as the state punishes thoseShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Corporal Punishment1273 Words   |  6 PagesCorporal punishment is a type of negative reinforcement, something that has close to no positive effect on children; it also discourages integrity and does not prepare them for adulthood. Knowing this information, there is no justification for using violent punishment on children. 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Dowry, an Investment System Free Essays

Dowry system is when the bride’s family gives goods, money, or estate to her husband and his family during marriage (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Dowry, an Investment System or any similar topic only for you Order Now This practice is mostly common in South Asia, specifically the Indian culture (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). On the other hand is the practice of bride price system which is where the husband gives cattle, land or goods in exchange for a woman’s hand in marriage (Schwimmer, 2002). This is mostly practiced in Africa among traditional households, where it is a price for the economic services and children a woman adds to another family (Schwimmer, 2002). Dowry and bride price are mostly practiced in exchange for the bride’s well being (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). There is a strong possibility that a wife might be mistreated if the dowry was not enough or satisfying for the groom’s family (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). Most times if the husband leaves or mistreats his wife the dowry is to be returned to her (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). It is also used as a means to discharge a husband of his duties to provide well for his wife, this is most common in marriages where two young people are wedded (E. Pauls Prine (Ed. ), 2008). Although the practice of dowry from the bride’s family to the groom’s is a norm in the Indian culture it the opposite for the African culture. Where as in Africa a groom’s family gives bride price to the bride’s family. These practices seen in the context of their culture are completely normal, but seen from a modern perspective are primitive and inhumane since they resemble a system of slave exchange (Schwimmer, 2002). This is due to the over turn in the practice in the twentieth century. In South Asian culture dowries have been demanded and paid to the groom’s family conjugating the term â€Å"groom price† (Maitra, 2007). In India it is evident that there is a great inflation in dowry practice (Maitra, 2007). There was also an evident increase in violence against brides who were unable to fulfill the dowry payment demanded (Maitra, 2007) . This was against the fact that in 1961 there was a Dowry Prohibition Act which made it illegal to give dowries (Maitra, 2007). This has flamed many women’s rights issues due to many cases of mistreatment of brides in India (Dowry system in, 2010). It is also criticized because it is not to provide for the bride in unforeseen circumstances but to appease the groom’s family’s greed (Dowry system in, 2010). For example, it was reported by the Vancouver Sun that a bride had died and her 13-month old daughter had suffered severe burns after the bride’s family started a fire after being dissatisfied with the dowry (Nelson, 2012). The article also highlighted that such dowry dissatisfaction causes for deaths of up to 8, 000 women in India each year (Nelson, 2012). Therefore, even though there is awareness of the cause of such mistreatment against women in India it is still a norm to practice dowry which can possibly put a daughter’s life in danger. Where as in the African culture the system of bride price is most practiced. Here bride payments are mostly interpreted as the wealth received by the bride’s family which compensates for the daughter that will be of economic use and will bare children for another family (Schwimmer, 2002). Among the Dani of New Guinea there are 3 occasions where a groom must give a bride’s family valuables, such a cattle or shells (Schwimmer, 2002). First, when the groom marries the bride and she starts working on his farm; second, when the groom has sexual rights to the bride and consummates the marriage; third, when his wife bears a child (Schwimmer, 2002). In the Igbo culture of South Africa, bride price is considered as the payment to have fertile woman and if the bride is not fertile or chooses to leave the marriage before producing children she must return the wealth given to her family by the groom (Schwimmer, 2002). With such cases of bride price many men choose marry many women and it is usually the older man that marry before the young (Schwimmer, 2002). This is due to the fact that older men have had the time to accumulate more wealth and necessary resources to pay for a bride (Schwimmer, 2002). Such practices have also raised cases where the brides have been divorced or are infertility so the families of the bride have to return the price paid to the groom (Schwimmer, 2002). For example, in the Zulu culture in South Africa there is an exchange of cattle among the groom and the bride’s father or brother (Schwimmer, 2002). This exchange is called lobola and has to be returned if the bride is divorced or cannot bare children (Schwimmer, 2002). Also, in such cultures when a son receives his first lobola from his daughter’s marriage he must give it to his father as repayment for his marriage (Schwimmer, 2002). These practices observed by outsides would resemble much to slave exchange; morally this is wrong yet it is normally practiced in South Africa because of its wide acceptance in the culture (Schwimmer, 2002). In conclusion, from an anthropological point of view there is a cultural norm set by traditions and human greed which causes for such immoral practices of dowry and bride price. Although, these practices are considered a norm in these cultures, an outsider observing would be very shocked to see such inhumane treatment of women. This is a type of degradation which is still to this day present even with government laws which prohibit against it (Dowry system in, 2010). In order for such practices to become a rarity and not a norm a strong education system for women is important this is a suggestion and an observation an anthropologist would make with a moral leniency. Bibliography: Nelson, D. (2012, 10 16). Woman dies in dowry spat. The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved from http://www. vancouversun. com/Woman+dies+dowry+spat/7395783/story. html Woman in coma after suicide attempt dies in sardarnagar. (2012, 10 30). Times Of India. Retrieved from http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/city/ahmedabad/Woman-in-coma-after-suicide-attempt-dies-in-Sardarnagar/articleshow/17012521. cms Dowry system in india. In (2010). Country Facts Information. Kwintessential Ltd. Retrieved from http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/articles/india/Dowry-System-in-India/3024 Dowry. In (2008). E. Pauls Prine (Ed. , Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/170540/dowry Maitra, S. (2007). Dowry and bride price. In (2nd ed. ). International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Retrieved from http://dept. econ. yorku. ca/~smaitra/SMaitra_IESS. pdf Schwimmer, B. (2002, 05). Bride wealth. Retrieved from http://www. umanitoba. ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/tutor/marriage/bride_wealth. html (Schwimmer, 2002) Brid ewealth. In (2012). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/79255/bridewealth How to cite Dowry, an Investment System, Essay examples

Individualism or Collectivism - Click to Get Sample Solution

Question: Write an essay on Cultural Distance and Integration in International Management? Answer: Introduction In this assignment the chosen company on which the cultural distance and integration of international market will be discussed is TESCO. To analyze the cultural difference, the two best models is Hofstede and Trompenaars. These two models help in understanding the cultural differences of the employees of that company when they are working in two different countries. Both Hofstede and Trompenaars models mainly look into the matter that how people try to adopt them in a totally new environment that is totally different from their culture. They mix the culture of an organization with the culture of the nation and proceed to see that how the employees are adjusting them to the new culture and environment (Hofstede, 2011). Hofstede culture dimension of Tesco This culture dimension is segregated into six criterias. In case of Power distance dimension, there is no individualism in the society. The employees of Indian culture express their attitude within the organization and also towards the inequalities among them. The UK people do not involve themselves in among all types of classes where Indian people involve them in everything (Akanni and Ahammad, 2015). Individualism or Collectivism When it comes for individualism India ranks less than the rank of UK. Indian people believe in collectivism while UK mainly believes in individualism. The work culture of UK is very private while for the Indian culture they like to work with many people as they like to work with the group of people. The index of UK is more because they mainly believe in working alone but for the score for India is less as they believe in societies and collectivism (Alkailani, Azzam and Athamneh, 2012). Masculinity or Feminity UK scores high when the employees are measured, and it indicates the competition among the employees. The UK people are very competitive, but the Indian employees are not that competitive as the UK people. When the country is scoring high, then it can be said that the dominance side of an organization of that country is very high whereas when the core is less the dominance side of that country is low. The dominance side of Tesco India is much less than the dominance side of UK. Uncertainty Avoidance In Country like India and also the people of this country always tries to avoid the uncertainty that is coming their way. UK people are happy go lucky people they try to avoid tension but for the case of India they take tension easily. So, the score for this dimension is more for India in case of UK. Long term or Short term investment Both the countries believe in long term investment. The score is almost same for this country. They always think of their long term investment that will benefit them in their future. Indulgance In case of Indulgence the UK people believes in humanity and they involve themselves in many social responsibilities, and they believes in positivism whereas for India they are much behind UK as the economic strength of India is not that good so before involving themselves they have to think a lot (Kragh, 2012). Fons Trompenaars Model of TESCO: Trompenaars is further disturbed by the idea of culturally relations import at the individual stage of the study, afterward. This model carries a seven dimension of culture, which communicate well with a nationwide difference. The seven dimensions are the following: Universalism v particularism: Universalism focused on their rules, values, codes, etc. On the other hand, particularism thinks that human relations are much more important than the rules, ethics. For Tesco UK people are focused more toward rules, moral, ethics but Indian people think that maintain a relation is more important than following rules (Parente, Baack and Hahn, 2011). Individualism v Collectivism: In Tesco, UK people believe more toward individualism because their working culture is totally different. They think employees can work individually better than the group. On the other hand Tesco India, people think that working in a group is the best option to survive in the communitarian (Singh, Joshi and Mandhan, 2014). Neutral v affective: Tesco UK people are not emotionally attached with everybody because they think that showing emotion is not a good option while working in the organization. They think that employee should behave formally. On the other hand Tesco India, Indian people are more attach toward think so, they get affected due to some critical situation. People in India are formal, but they are more emotionally attached to the particular situation (Tang, 2012). Specific vs diffuse: Tesco UK analysis the whole situation after that they start working on those particular areas so that they can build their organization well. On the other hand Tesco India thinks that specific or small information are also important while building the organization. Achievement v ascription: In Tesco UK, people feel achievement when their colleagues appreciate on their working culture as well as reveal their knowledge accomplishment. On the other hand, Tesco India people feel proud when they achieve a single title related to their job. Time Orientation: Tesco UK, People, are very punctual in the working environment, they think that being in time is the good habit, and every individual should follow the every rules and regulation of the environment. On the other hand Tesco India, people are punctual but sometimes they are lazy toward their work. They are irregular at some point. Internal v external control: Tesco UK, they have an internal culture because employee believes that what occurs to them is their responsibility. On the other hand, Tesco India people have an external culture in which the surroundings outline their providence (Vidal-Suarez and Lopez-Duarte, 2013). Conclusion: While concluding, as per describe the researcher describe the two model of cultural dimension i.e. Hofstede and Trompenaars model. On the other hand, both these technique is fairly controversial and perceptibly defective. Consequently they should learn to utilize the survey and the database correctly. References Akanni, M. and Ahammad, M. (2015). National Cultural Distance and International Acquisition Performance. JOEBM, 3(2), pp.183-187. Alkailani, M., Azzam, I. and Athamneh, A. (2012). Replicating Hofstede in Jordan: Ungeneralized, Reevaluating the Jordanian Culture. IBR, 5(4). Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). Kragh, S. (2012). The anthropology of nepotism: Social distance and reciprocity in organizations in developing countries. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 12(2), pp.247-265. Parente, R., Baack, D. and Hahn, E. (2011). The effect of supply chain integration, modular production, and cultural distance on new product development: A dynamic capabilities approach. Journal of International Management, 17(4), pp.278-290. Singh, V., Joshi, P. and Mandhan, S. (2014). Concept Integration using Edit Distance and N-Gram Match. IJDMS, 6(6), pp.01-11. Tang, L. (2012). The direction of cultural distance on FDI: attractiveness or incongruity?. Cross Cultural Management, 19(2), pp.233-256. Vidal-Suarez, M. and Lopez-Duarte, C. (2013). Language distance and international acquisitions: A transaction cost approach. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 13(1), pp.47-63. Yildiz, H. (2014). Not All Differences Are the Same: Dual Roles of Status and Cultural Distance in Sociocultural Integration in Cross-border MAs. Journal of International Management, 20(1), pp.25-37.

Childbirth in the Australian Context

Question: Discuss about the Childbirth in the Australian Context ? Answer : Introducation It is important for a pregnant woman to understand the nutritional requirements for the proper development of the fetus and in order to maintain maternal health. Several changes to the diet are required so that all the nutritional needs of the developing fetus are met and food deficiencies do not compromise the health of the mother and the fetus. But just as undernourishment is harmful, overweight and obesity during pregnancy have to be avoided. Consumption of foods from all the five groups has to be ensured. Intake of Calcium, Iron and Folate and Zinc are important to meet the developmental needs of the fetus. Weight gain through the duration of the pregnancy should be gradual and consistent. Undue increase in weight can occur if high calorie foods containing saturated fats and sugar are consumed. Junk foods that are high in added salt have to be avoided too. Counselling of pregnant mothers through short lessons on nutrition is an effective method for disseminating information and a nswering questions about nutrition that expectant mothers might have. The aim of the lesson is to educate expectant mothers in Australia about the importance of taking a balanced diet and ensuring that their own nutritional needs and the nutritional requirements of the fetus are met. As a result of attending the lesson the participants will be able to - explain the importance of consumption of fruits and vegetables - describe how important it is to consume dairy and proteins - enlist the foods that contain grains - express the importance of drinking water - identify foods that may contain excess salt, sugar or saturated fats or bacterial pathogens. It is important for expectant mothers to take a balanced diet for the proper development of the fetus. On the one hand food must be rich in nutrients like folate, iron and vitamins and on the other consumption of excess calorie rich foods can cause gestational weight gain (Bookari, Yeatman, Williamson, 2016). An assessment of the knowledge and adherence to guidelines on diet yielded results that were not satisfactory. Although pregnant women were highly motivated and understood the importance of nutrition, their adherence to proper nutrition was poor (Bookari, Yeatman, Williamson, 2017). The information about the necessity to meet the dietary recommendations of micronutrients like iodine was found to be inadequate. The health professionals require more training in how to to counsel pregnant women about meeting dietary recommendations (Lucas, Charlton, Brown, Brock, Cummins, 2014). The importance of nutrition education programs has been felt across population subgroups and expectan t mothers form an important subgroup (Hendrie, Coveney, Cox, 2008). The unmet need of balance between nutrition and physical activity during pregnancy can cause overweight and obesity. It has been found that only 50% of pregnant women receive counselling on nutrition causing low consumption of fruit and higher consumption of sugar containing soft drinks and unhealthy take-away meals (de Jersey, Nicholson, Callaway, Daniels, 2013). It is important that when a brochure on nutrition is given to the client, instructions about how to refer to the information should be a part of the counselling by the midwife. If the brochure is handed over and not referred to during the counselling it is very unlikely that the client will follow the instructions printed in the brochure (Geraghty, Lindsay, Alberdi, McAuliffe, Gibney, 2015). Among pregnant adolescents the knowledge about healthy eating is there but they find it difficult to give up unhealthy foods. If they are trained in the company of other adolescents as their peers to choose better foods, given lessons in cooking and choosing affordble and healthy foods, they are more likely to adhere to advice about nutrition (Wise, 2015). The major nutritional requirements during pregnancy can be met by consumption of vegetables and legumes. A variety of vegetables of different colours should form part of the diet. More than 7 servings of fruit a day should be part of the dietary intake. Grain (preferably whole) is a source of energy and can be obtained from cereals, polenta, pasta, rice, pasta or noodles. Lean meat, such as, poultry or tofu and beans/legumes are good sources of nutritional protein. An adequate intake of dairy products that include milk, yoghurt or cheese also ensures optimal health of pregnant mothers and the fetus. Drinking plenty of water is necessary. It is recommended that expectant mothers should reduce the intake of saturated fats, added sugar and salt. Foods that can contain these ingredients are chips, biscuits, processed meats, cakes, pies and pastries. It is a healthy practice to avoid popular junk food, such as, pizzas and burgers crisps, potato chips and fried and savoury packaged snacks. Rather than consuming saturated fats it is better to consume mono- and poly-unsaturated fats that can be obtained from nuts, sedds, nut butters, avocados and olives. It is important to red food labels carefully and avoid buying and consuming foods that have higher salt content. With careful selection it is possible to buy foods that have lower concentration of salt. Several categories of drinks contain high amounts of added sugar. These include soft drinks, fruit juices, energy and sports drinks, confectionary and compotes - these drinks are best avoided because they provide hardly any nutritional benefits but add a lot of calorie count to one's intake. It is important for pregnant women to avoid alcohol altogether. Important guidelines also address the issue of food safety, since pregnant women are at a higher risk of food poisoning, they should avoid consumption of food that is likely to contain pathogens. Bean sprouts should be consumed only after thorough cooking, sandwich meats and soft cheeses like feta and camembert are best not consumed. Raw eggs or half-cooked eggs may be contaminated with Salmonella. Several varieties of fish may be contaminated with mercury and may be consumed in small quantities once a week or once a fortnight only. Hard cheeses can be safely consumed. It is important to ensure intake of fibre through the consumption of fruits and vegetables to prevent constipation, a common occurrence during pregnancy (/n55h_healthy_eating_during_pregnancy.pdf, 2013). The use of various kinds of teaching aids that may be visual or audio-visual are necessary because these form concrete experiences that accelerate learning and are likely to be retained by the learner for a longer period. The use of audio-visual aids in the dissemintion of nutrition information to pregnant women can be effective. Rather than using abstarct imagination concrete perceptual images deliver the message more effectively. Teaching aids can include power point presentations with pictures. Videos can be embedded in the presentation or shown separately. Flip charts, black boards, white boards, flash cards, posters and bulletin boards can be used as visual teaching aids. Paper handouts, brochures, pamphlets and flash cards can be used to disseminate information. Projector slides or transparencies can also be used effectively as visual aids (Weiss, et al., 2016). Title of lesson: Nutrition in pregnancy The lesson will last for 15 minutes and shall consist of the following: -welcoming the participants of the program followed by an overview of the nutrition information session. - the participants will introduce each other and name one healthy favourite food - a video titiled 'healthy pregnancy diet' will be played for the participants - participants will be encouraged to ask questions about diet and nutrition -participants will be engaged in a role play where a conversation between the doctor and the mother will be enacted on why calcium, iron and folate are important in the diet of a pregnant woman. -comments will be invited - after a discussion on the comments handouts of the Australian Guidelines on healthy eating during pregnancy will be distributed -participants will be asked for a verbal and written feedback on the session and any questions about the nutrition of pregnant women will be answered. - Participants will be thanked for attending the session. -Improvements if suggested by the participants will be incorporated in future sessions. In conclusion, the dissemination of important information through a guided lesson in a group can answer the questions that expectant mothers may have. A group lesson promotes the exchange of ideas amongst the prticipants. Adherence to nutritional guidelines is more likely once the various aspects of the five food groups are discussed. Dissipation of information through an audio visual aid such as a video lasts longer in the memory of the participants of the program. The five important groups of food- vegetables, beans, fruits, protein, eggs, fatty fish, whole grains and water ensure that the bioavilability of vitamins and minerals is maintained in the diet. Aspects of food safety, such as, staying away from mercury containing sea-food, identifying foods like raw eggs and sprouts that may harbour bacteria are importnt precautions to be kept in mind by the pregnant women. A diet rich in fibre can prevent constipation. A lesson plan and a discussion are effective means of counselling pr egnant women about dietary precautions to be followed. References /n55h_healthy_eating_during_pregnancy.pdf. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.eatforhealth.gov.au: https://www.eatforhealth.gov.au/sites/default/files/files/the_guidelines/n55h_healthy_eating_during_pregnancy.pdf Bookari, K., Yeatman, H., Williamson, M. (2016). Exploring Australian womens level of nutrition knowledge during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Women's Health, 8: 405419. Bookari, K., Yeatman, H., Williamson, M. (2017). Falling short of dietary guidelines - What do Australian pregnant women really know? A cross sectional study. Women Birth, 30(1):9-17. de Jersey, S., Nicholson, J., Callaway, L., Daniels, L. (2013). An observational study of nutrition and physical activity behaviours, knowledge, and advice in pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Child Birth, 13:115. Geraghty, A., Lindsay, K., Alberdi, G., McAuliffe, F., Gibney, E. (2015). Written nutrition communication in midwifery practice: what purpose does it serve? Nutrition and Metabolic Insights, 8(Suppl 1): 4147. Hendrie, G., Coveney, J., Cox, D. (2008). Exploring nutrition knowledge and the demographic variation in knowledge levels in an Australian community sample. Public Health Nutrition, 11(12):1365-71. Lucas, C., Charlton, K., Brown, L., Brock, E., Cummins, L. (2014). Antenatal shared care: are pregnant women being adequately informed about iodine and nutritional supplementation? The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 54(6):515-21. . Weiss, I., Stepanovic, S., Chinyemba, U., Bateman, J., Hemminger, C., Burrows, E. (2016). Use of a Nutrition Behavior Change Counseling Tool: Lessons from a Rapid Qualitative Assessment in Eastern Zambia. Frontiers in Public Health, 4:179. Wise, N. (2015). Pregnant Adolescents, Beliefs About Healthy Eating, Factors that Influence Food Choices, and Nutrition Education Preferences. Journal of Midwifery aand Women's Health, 60(4):410-8.

Sample Essay About Psychology - Writing Tips

Sample Essay About Psychology - Writing TipsHave you ever written a sample essay about psychology? If so, then you will find out that it is actually one of the easier tasks that you can undertake. This is because there are different levels of essay about psychology that you can write, and each of them has its own benefits.A very general rule is that whatever topic you choose, you have to think about a specific subject. The reason for this is that you need to choose a topic for your writing that you can relate to. It is because you don't want to go against the process that has been put in place for you, that you should choose a subject that you can relate to. You do not want to go off and write an essay about every subject, since it would take a lot of time and effort. Rather, write about topics that are related to the topic that you chose.When it comes to writing your sample essay about psychology, you also need to consider that a lot of the information you use needs to be related to the subject you choose. This is because the more information you have to put into the essay, the more difficult it will be for you to remember. With this, you would be able to remember more because you will have a lot of information to work with. In turn, this will help you relate to the topic that you chose, which is an important part of any essay.As mentioned earlier, the level of writing that you have chosen for your sample essay about psychology should depend on the subject that you choose. If you choose the topic of mental health, then you will need to have a much different type of essay than if you choose one about relationships or self-esteem. This is because the level of information that you have to put into the essay would be lower, and it would be more likely that you would forget certain details.When it comes to the types of writing that you can do for your sample essay about psychology, you also need to think about the types of things that you would like to write about. You do not want to choose topics that are too general, because there are many subjects that are easier to write about. Instead, choose topics that you feel would best help you in writing the essay.Finally, you also need to think about whether or not you want to hire a professional writer to proofread your essay for you. This is because they will know more about how to properly structure your essay, as well as if it needs to be changed from the way that you intended. They will also know if it is being worded poorly. In other words, you will not be able to choose the right things when it comes to your essay.As you can see, it is important to research your samples before you begin to write your sample essay about psychology. It will help you in the long run, and it will help you avoid some common mistakes that you can make. This is just one of the ways that you can write about your chosen topic, and it can help you in the long run.

Political Essays - Censorship, Connotation, Profanity,

Political Correctness Political correctness isn't always a positive thing. People that are older should have the right to a freedom of speech. They should be able to say words to express their emotions. They have a better judgment to know how and when to use curse words. Curse words are used everywhere. They are used on television, movies, and in the public. Why be political correct when you can't express something that you need to say to someone. The older a person is, the more mature they will become from more experiences they get in life. By being mature they have a better judgment on how to use the words that come out of their mouths. They know when to use curse words and when it's appropriate to use it. They use the words when they feel stonger on their about their feelings and thoughts towards something and they express it better by using profanity. They also use profanity when it is necessary and when they have to get their point across. The Constitution quotes that all people have their freedom of speech. With this amendment people don't need to be politically correct and not deny them to their freedom of speech. People have the right to either be politically correct or not to be politically correct. People also should have a choice on whether if they want to use curse words or not. They shouldn't have a limited vocabulary. It will be unconstitutional if we didn't let people say what they want and we should not withhold any kind of language from anyone. Profanity is found and heard in everyday life. It is used in speeches, television shows, movies, schools, and in almost all places. In schools kids start using profanity as early as in elementary school. Television shows such as "Simpsons", "Beavis and Butthead", "South Park", "Melrose Place", "Beverly Hills 90210", all profanity in them. If it is used in television shows then why can't people be able to also use it throughout everyday life. It is also used in all PG-13 and R rated movies. Political correctness shouldn't be a big issue and people that are older should have the right to express their feelings verbally in all possible ways. If we are restricted on what we say then are we also going to be restricted on other things. Will they start restricting us on our gestures, how we dress, and what we are thinking? If we are restricted on things then it inhibits our life style. Political is a standard that restricts the use of our mind and our speech.